In the eastern part of Transylvania, blessed with all of the
wonders of nature, lies the basin of Gyergyó also
known, as the "Arcadia of the Székely-land",
pinched between the mountains which have arisen in the quaternary era. It is
surrounded by the crystalline-slate Gyergyoi alps from
the east (Pricske
1543 m) and the volcanic Görgény
alps (Mezőhavas 1777m) from the west. It is situated on 740-820 m
above sea level,
sloping in the direction of the Maros river's flow axis. The centre of the basin, Gyergyósyentmiklós is situated in the ring
of nine villages (Gyergyocsomafalva, Gyergyoalfalu,
Gyergyoujfalu, Gyergyoditro,
Borzont, Gyergyoszarhegy, Gyergyokilyenfalva, Tekeropatak, Gyergyovarhegy). The main route of transport is the 12th
road, connecting it to Csíkszereda and Maroshévíz. There is the 12B road leading to the locality Parajd, through the Bucsin
mountaintop (
1278 m
),
and the 138 leading to Székelyudvarhely through
the Libán hilltop (
1000 m).
The Gyilkos lake
presumably started up as a natural valley-blockade on the summer of 1837. It?s
name has changed during the times. It?s original name vas Red lake, from the
Red Creek, which flows into it. The current name Gyilkos
lake (murderous) was introduced by Orbán Balázs. The local belief correlates the names Red and Gyilkos with the legend saying, that the falling hilltop
would have buried the herd of sheep and it?s shepherd under itself, and the
blood filtering through the earth has changed the colour
of the water into red for a long time. Another surmise is, that the landslide
would have "murdered" the pine forests in the valley, and "today the stumps of
trees spearing out of the water as the gravestones of some ancient székely community warn the wayfarer of the transience of
life" (L. Gyarfas Gyozo)
The Békás
narrows is located in the upper valley of the Békás
creek, in the direct continuation of the Gyilkos
lake. It is the most well known, most popular and most beautiful defile of the
Easter Carpathians. The average height of the neighbouring
mountains is 1300 m
and these are broken by the 2-300
m drop of the stonewalls of the Békás
glen. The total length of the glen is 5 km. One of the most famous, and very rare
plants of this area is edelweiss.
The Likas
depression belongs to the rare vertical pit-caves, in the northern side of the Likas mountains, situated at an altitude of 1650 meters. It?s total
length is 51m and it has three separate parts. At the end of the 34 m vertical tunnel there is
a three-meter thick ice plug. The western side of this plug is melted during
the summers, and trough a tight gap it is possible to breach the lower cave,
which is 17 m
deep, and is bottomed by a "fake bottom" made up of debris. The temperature of
the depression is constant +3 centigrade, and it is the most spectacular view
at the beginning of the summer, when the walls are covered with a thin layer of
ice and from the passages there are icicles and ice hangings. Because of the
danger it is only possible to visit the caves using climbing equipment.
Main sights in Gyergyószentmiklós:
- The statue of saint Nicholas
on the main square, from which saint the city got it?s name
- The Lutheran church is also
an ornament of the main square, built between 1895-1899
- The roman catholic church can
be seen from the main square, located in the Márton
Áron street, it was built between 1753-1757
and it?s the oldest monument of the city
- The Armenian church
(1730-1734) the Greek catholic church, and the synagogue
- The baroque buildings built
by Armenians on the main square and in the neighbouring
streets
- The Tarisznyás Márton Museum, with its rich
archaeological and popular art material
Trip opportunities
from the city:
1. Gyergyoszarhegy (6 km)

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